A Comparative Study of Criminal Justice Major Students

The study probes the perceptions of criminal justice majors. In essence, the study aims to determine if the formal educational background of a criminal justice major is a vital factor in the shaping of an individual’s perception of the criminal justice system as compared to those who do not have any.Students from the university were sampled to serve as the respondents for the study who were divided into two groups: criminal justice majors and non majors. The study’s assumption was: there is no significant difference between the perception of the criminal justice majors and non majors.Chapter I: IntroductionOver the years, studies have been made to shed light on the issue of criminal justice as perceived by the general public and by the criminal justice majors. The perception of the general pubic and the criminal justice majors, of course, differs in a lot of aspects.Logically, non criminal justice majors or the public mainly rely on the mass media for the information th at they need while the criminal justice majors have a broader background on the issue of crime and criminal justice.Criminal justice majors are usually exposed with researches that would explain phenomena in the field of criminal justice. Thus, there is a definite difference between the perception of the criminal justice majors and the public (Tsoudis, 2000).But then, an exploratory study is needed to further back up this claim. Does the education background of the criminal justice majors has something to do with their perception of crime and criminal justice?How can this educational background of the criminal justice majors would eventually influence or affect the perception of the general public? How influential can the media be in shaping the public’s perception of crime and criminal justice?These questions are only few that have to be answered to prove that the claims of the previous studies are valid and logical.The media has also been the main source of information amon g the public. Undeniably, groups of people mainly rely their notion and perceptions over things on the information that they consume provided by the media.There have been debates over the influence of the media and its tendency to veer away from truth. Some media outfits are guilty of exaggerating news items especially those dealing with crimes for the simple reason of getting a â€Å"controversial scoop† or because they have doing it unconsciously.Nadler (2005) writes, â€Å"Such media play can undermine the public’s perception of the legitimacy of law enforcement generally.   This loss of legitimacy and distrust of the fairness of the legal system, can in turn lead to more widespread lawbreaking.†Connie McNeely (1995) writes that most of what Americans understand about law enforcement comes from what they view in the media, mainly television and movies.Aside from these media experiences, many Americans do not have the first hand knowledge of the inter-workin gs of border patrol or general law enforcement at the community level.True enough, media have the great role of shaping the minds of its audience.Because her insights are somewhat outdated in this day and age of television shows like CSI and 24, it would be interesting to carry out further study of this idea.   Still her study warrants close examination as she furthers her argument by writing:

How to answers Case Studies Essay

1. What are the inputs, processing, and outputs of UPS’s package tracking system? Inputs: The inputs include package information, customer signature, pickup, delivery, time-card data, current location (while en route), and billing and customer clearance documentation. Processing: The data are transmitted to a central computer and stored for retrieval. Data are also reorganized so that they can be tracked by customer account, date, driver, and other criteria. Outputs: The outputs include pickup and delivery times, location while en route, and package recipient. The outputs also include various reports, such as all packages for a specific account or a specific driver or route, as well as summary reports for management. 2. What technologies are used by UPS? How are these technologies related to UPS’s business strategy? Technologies include handheld computers (DIADs), barcode scanning systems, wired and wireless communications networks, desktop computers, UPS‘s central computer (large mainframe computers), and storage technology for the package delivery data. UPS also uses telecommunication technologies for transmitting data through pagers and cellular phone networks. The company uses in-house software for tracking packages, calculating fees, maintaining customer accounts and managing logistics, as well as software to access the World Wide Web. UPS has used the same strategy for over 90 years. Its strategy is to provide the ―best service and lowest rates.â€â€" One of the most visible aspects of technology is the customer‘s ability to track his/her package via the UPS Web site. However, technology also enables data to seamlessly flow throughout UPS and helps streamline the workflow at UPS. Thus, the technology described in the scenario enables UPS to be more competitive, efficient, and profitable. The result is an information system solution to the business challenge of providing a high level service with low prices in the face of mounting competition. 3. What strategic business objectives do UPS’s information systems address? Some problems this information system solves relate directly to logistics and supply chain activities, not just for itself, but also for other companies. These services include supply chain design and management, freight forwarding, customs brokerage, mail services, multimodal transportation, and financial services, in addition to logistics services. Because of the advanced integration of its technology, UPS can provide these services cheaper and more efficient than most companies can create them in-house. 4. What would happen if these systems were not available? Arguably, UPS might not be able to compete effectively without technology. If the technology were not available, then UPS would, as it has through most of its history, attempt to provide that information to its customers, but at higher prices. From the customers‘ perspective, these technologies provide value because they help customers complete their tasks more efficiently. Customers view UPS‘s technology as value-added services as opposed to increasing the cost of sending packages.

Research Paper on Employee Loyalty

Employee loyalty is defined as an affective commitment of the employee towards the firm. When the employee possesses this affective commitment it gives him/her the devotion to sustain his/her association with the certain firm. The amount of devotion and loyalty of a simple employee can be a great advantage of the company. When an employee is loyal, he/she will have a greater ability to properly do his/her job as well as reduce the probability of the company to fail. Hence the employees of a business are critical components for a certain business to properly progress.A business may possess inferior employees but the huge amount of loyalty would have can send a very insignificant business to amazing heights. Likewise, those employees with unsubstantial amount of loyalty may cause tremendous business to collapse. DuPont being one of the largest chemical company in the world, it is a necessity for them to continue to work as effective and efficient as possible. To help them with such we have conducted a study on employee loyalty. With this study, we aim to come with an output that will be able to assist DuPont to design different programs to help improve the employee organizational loyalty. Through this we as well want to prove that the amount of loyalty of the employees of a business plays a significant role in the success of the corporations.Theoretical FrameworkJohn Meyer and Natalie Allen proposed the Three Components of Commitment  model, which explains how organizational commitment is a psychological-related idea. They suggested three factors that affect how an employee sees his/her organization. With this knowledge and better understanding, one can increase not only the engagement of the employees, but their well-being and job satisfaction as well. By using these components together with various appropriate approaches, a manager now has the ability to effectively motivate and work with his/her team. The first type is the Affective Commitment. This type of loyalty occurs when one is emotionally attached to one’s organization or when one genuinely identifies with the goals and values of the organization he/she works for.Unlike any other types of commitment, an affectively committed employee actually enjoys and is satisfied with his/her work. The second type of commitment is Normative. This component deals with people who stay in the organization because they have this feeling of obligation that they need to stay for whatever reason – external or internal – even if they are not happy nor satisfied with their jobs. Normative Commitment may hinder one from seeking greater opportunities, but still remains in the organization because â€Å"it is the right thing to do.† The last component or type is the Continuance Commitment. This type of commitment happens when a person always weighs the pros and cons, both of leaving the organization and of staying.The only reason behind why people who belong to this category s tay is because there is a higher risk, cost, or more losses when they leave the organization compared to when they stay. Another theory supports the Continuance Commitment – Becker’s Side-Bet Theory. Becker (1960) as cited in Cohen and Lowenberg (1990) suggests that the longer an individual stays with his/her organization, the greater number of losses he/she will have when he/she leaves the organization, which in return makes it hard for the individual to leave in the first place – this then becomes the reason for an employee’s commitment to the organization. Becker used the term â€Å"side-bets† to refer to the investments, usually material things, which one will lose when he/she decides to leave the organization.Statement of the Problem Are there a correlation and a significant difference between the employees’ monthly salary and organizational commitment?The factors affecting an employee’s commitment to an organization, specificall y the effect of an employee’s monthly salary to organizational commitment.Hypothesis Null Hypothesis: There is no correlation and significant difference between the employees’ monthly salary and organizational commitment?Researcher’s/Alternative Hypothesis: There is a correlation and significant difference between the employees’ monthly salary and organizational commitment.Significance of the Study In an organization, there are many different factors that may affect an individual’s loyalty to his/her company. With this, the study aims to establish the relationship between organizational loyalty and the employees’ monthly salary. This proposed study will help the managers, if not the owners, to be aware of what motivates their employees to be loyal to them. Furthermore, it will help the managers to know what they can do to help their employees. On the other hand, employees can use the results of this study to work more efficiently and effecti vely.METHODOLOGYResearch Design The research design that the researchers used can be classified as Descriptive. Descriptive research is used to show correlation, associations, or relationship between or among things. By using Descriptive research, the researchers can demonstrate the relationship between organizational commitment and the employees’ salary, since this study aims to find out if there is a relationship or correlation between the two.By knowing and understanding the relationship between the two, it will be easier for the researchers as well as the managers and employees to make an effective approach that may benefit everyone. Given this, it was the most appropriate  method to be used by the researchers in conducting their study on the loyalty of the employees in an organization, specifically in Du Pont.Participants The study focused on the employees of Du Pont. Out of (total population), 73 were randomly chosen by the researchers based on their availability, sin ce the survey was conducted during work hours. The respondents are (part) of the total population of the organization.Instrument For this study, the Survey technique was used and the instrument utilized was the questionnaire. This instrument was used because it is the fastest way to collect data from a number of respondents. Furthermore, it was more convenient for both the researchers and the respondents.Data Gathering Procedure The questionnaire was given to 73 Du Pont employees for them to fill up. The survey questionnaire was composed of 35 questions which revolved around the attitudes and loyalty of the respondents to the organization. A scale from 1 to 5 was used in each question to see if the respondents agree or disagree with the statement/s. A number of copies of the questionnaires were distributed to some respondents through electronic mail (e-mail) by the researchers due to time constraint. After receiving only half of the responses (through e-mail), the other copies were distributed personally by the researchers to the respondents (employees). The researchers collected the copies personally as well after two working days.Statistical Treatment The responses made by the respondents describing their gender, civil status, age, monthly salary, religious affiliation, educational background, work designation, work status, and length of service were presented. For easier analysis, the researchers used the following representations:Gender 1 – Male 2 – Female Civil Status 1 – Single 2 – Married Monthly Salary 1 – Below 15,000.00 2 – 15, 000.00 – 19, 999.00 3 – 20, 000.00 – 24, 999.00 4 – 25, 000.00 – 29, 999.00 5 – 30, 000.00 – 34, 999.00 6 – 35, 000.00 – 39, 999.00 7 – 40, 000.00 – 44,999.00 8 – 45, 000.00 – 49, 999.00 9 – 50 , 000.00 – AboveReligious Affiliation 1 – Roman Catholic 2 – Non-Roman Cath olic Educational Background 1 – Non-BS Degree Holder 2 – Bachelor’s Degree Holder 3 – Master’s Degree with Doctoral Units 4 – Full-Fledged Master’s Degree Holder 5 – Bachelor’s Degree with Master’s Units 6 – Full-Fledged Doctoral DegreeWork Designation 1 – Top Management 2 – Middle Management 3 – Rank and File 4 – Others Work Status 1 – Permanent 2 – ProbationaryLength of Service 1 – Below 3 years 2 – 3-5 years 3 – 6-8 years 4 – 9-11 years 5 – 12-14 years 6 – 15-17 years 7 – 18-20 years 8 – 21-23 years 9 – 24-26 years 10 – 27-29 years 11 – 30 years or moreResponses by the employees were statistically analyzed through the use of descriptive statistics such as the mean. Furthermore, Pearson R and T-Test for Significance were utilized to know if there is a correlation and significant differenc e between the independent and dependent variables.Analysis of Data Statistical Tools The factors affecting employees’ commitment to an organization, more specifically the effect of the employees’ monthly salary Mean Pearson R t-test for significanceRESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe table below represents the summary of the data, where in x is the employee’s corresponding monthly salary and y is the mean of the employees’ answer to the 35 questions that relate to organizational loyalty. Answers are rounded off to the nearest hundredths.Given this data, the Pearson product-moment correlation can be used. It was developed by Karl Pearson and is considered to be the most robust method in measuring the correlation and regression. The formula for rxy is as follows:Using this formula, the rxy can be derived, which results to -0.27; this can be interpreted that employees’ monthly salary and organizational commitment has a low correlation as shown in the table belo w:Parameters Interpretation (+,-) 1.00 Perfect Correlation (+,-) 0.81-0.99 Very High Correlation (+,-) 0.61-0.80 High Correlation (+,-) 0.41 – 0.60 Moderate/Fair Correlation (+,-) 0.21 – 0.40 Low Correlation (+,-) 0.01 – 0.20 Very Low Correlation (+,-) 0.00 No CorrelationFurthermore, the amount of contribution or variances explained by the employees’ monthly salary about the employees’ commitment can be derived; this is called the coefficient of determination (COD). Also, given this data, the amount of variance left unexplained and is attributed to other factors or to the sampling error can be computed – this is named as coefficient of alienation (COA).COD= (r)2 = 0.0729 or 7.29% COA= 1.00 –(r)2 = 0.9271 or 92.71%Lastly, the significance can be tested using Dimaano’s (2001) formula:with degrees of freedom: N-2This formula is used to determine whether the two factors (employees’ monthly salary and organization loyalty) ha ve a significant relationship. Having computed the following, the group has arrived to a value of a t-computed of 2.136, and t-critical value of 2.002; hence, it can be inferred that the  decision is to reject the null hypothesis and the conclusion is to accept the researcher’s hypothesis.CONCLUSIONThat being said, the group has been able to establish a low correlation between the two given factors, which are the employees’ monthly salary and the organizational commitment. Moreover, 7.29% is the amount of contribution or variances explained by the former factor about the latter, and 92.71% is the amount left unexplained by the former. Lastly, based on the computations showed, there is a significant relationship between the two factors.

Business Decision Making Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Decision Making - Research Paper Example they make their decision and do not wait for more options or alternatives. Thus they generally look for answers which are good enough and may not be the best. Although leadership and management functions vary widely from organization to organization, the function of decision making is common to all. Managers are always taking a decision , small or big and all these are important in the sense that they affect the individual, team or overall performance of an organization. All people have their own style of decision making and they also differ in the amount of information they use in decision making. Some reach conclusions from just a few facts while some take their own time by gathering and studying and analyzing large amounts of information. The Figure below shows the difference between the low and high information users. It shows that early in the process, the knowledge is going from zero to something greater and this information is most likely to be important. Thus Satisficers, make the decision at point B, when they have learned enough while Maximizers, keep evaluating information until they simply are learning nothing new about the pr oblem. Simon (1955, 1956, 1957) introduced an important distinction between maximizing and satisficing as choice-making strategies. In maximizing decision making - the idea is to find the best possible solution and requires an exhaustive search of all possibilities. To satisfice is to look for good enough possibility and stopping when this good enough solution is found. In decision-making, satisficing explains the tendency to select the first option that meets a given need or select the option that seems to address most needs rather than the "optimal" solution. Generally managers go for Satisficing decisions when the decisions are of small significance. Moreover, in daya to day functioning, many situations arise where they have take a decision quickly. In such acses also. A satificing decision making is made. A manager cannot wait for all alternatives or study each and every report to when he is facing time constraints. It is extremely cost - ineffective to take lots of information into co nsideration for day - to-day decisions. It is not that Satisficers have low expectations, rather they accept that there is more than one option that will satisfy them. And Once they are able to find an option that meets their initial criteria they are content to conclude their search. On the other hand, senior mangers who need to take into account the objectives and the goals of the company, need lots of information and analysis before they can take decisions. At senior levels, it is required and essential to act as a maximizer and try to review each and every alternative before arriving at a decision. This is because a decision at this level has far reaching consequences on the company's policies and direction. They are the ones taking the high stakes decision and thus keep on looking for the best of all the options, establishing new criteria as they go. Maximizers may do better objectively, but they do worse subjectively. They feel worse about their decisions and are less happy with the results than the satisficers. Therefore , in the long run, that is for maximizing profits and building strategies foe overall business performance, managers generally act cautious and

Assess the Significance of Penal Laws in 18th Century Ireland Essay

Assess the Significance of Penal Laws in 18th Century Ireland - Essay Example Groups were formed to fight what was believed to be a greedy and cruel government, one of these such groups was titled, "The White boys" (Garnham 2006, pg. 403). Historical evidence can only lead one who researches the period of the 18th century in Ireland to have been one where there was terrible inequality, violence, incorrigible criminal acts, disparity, and an unrelenting fear among many of the Irish citizens that defined the period as one of "domination of one group over another" (Garnham 2006, pg. 404). "The penal laws in Ireland during the 18th century forced many Irish Catholics to have to renounce their religious faith in order to just survive from one day to the next" (Canny 1982, pg. 95). This defines these laws as having been meant to overturn the Irish Catholic Faith and thus force the Irish people to reform to English religious beliefs and laws or face severe penalties if they rebuked these penal doctrines. Of course, historical accounts point out that the oppression that the English penal laws placed upon the Irish Catholics not only did this but it also forced many to have to live extremely poor lives and abandon their traditional Gaelic language as well. The Irish Catholics had poor dwellings and many times the farm animals were inside the mud huts with these people due to the cruelty that English laws had brought down upon them. Much of the food was only vegetables with their main source being potatoes but when disease struck this crop it resulted in the "deaths of 2.5 million Irish Catholics" (MacManus 1974, pg. 112). In history this marks what is known as, "The Great Famine" (MacKay 1992, pg. 27). The Irish farmers did have other crops and livestock but they were all shipped to England as rent for the landlords. Without the rent money the starving Irish could not even afford to live in a home and would have been homeless on top of this horrible famine. Due to the many atrocities that these various penal codes inflicted upon Irish Catholics there were militia groups that were formed, with one having been mentioned in the introduction of this research. The truth to this matter is that England wanted total domination of Ireland and inflicted very harsh demands onto the people of the country. It is quite natural that there would be rebellion from the citizens of Ireland in order to try and maintain their own religious beliefs and laws in their land, which even today still goes on even though a Republic was formed. Another group that developed due to the escalating violence in the 18th century was the, "IRA-Irish Republican Army" (O'Neill et al 1980, pg. 133). This group and others like it were formed to initially protect the people but in actuality these groups and others were driven by the religious sanctions and political influences that have been central to the conflict in Ireland since as far back as the 16th century (O'Neill et al 1980, pg. 133). The main problem that has existed in Ireland since the 18th century and perhaps even beforehand is due to the division that

Portfolio analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Portfolio analysis - Essay Example Correlation according to Cohen (2003) can be defined as the description of the degree in which two variables are related to each other. For example how is coffee business growth related to the weather patterns? Correlation can either be positive or negative meaning a single variable can affect the other positively or negatively. Covariance on the other hand can be defined as the manner two variables change at the same time. Covariance can be described as how two risky assets go hand-in-hand or in relation to one another (see C. Patrick Doncaster, 2007). If the covariance is positive this implies that the assets returns are simultaneous and if negative, this will imply the returns on the assets are inverse.Correlation and covariance both describe the relationships of two variables and in the way they move whether positively that is together or negatively that is inversely. Looking at the above definitions of covariance and correlation we can clearly see the relationship between the tw o in the context that correlation will determine the extent to which two variables are connected to each other while covariance will look at the same two variables and asses how they move together. Portfolio diversity is best achieved if the covariance is not in the same direction meaning the assets in the portfolio do not have perfect correlation (see Alexander, 2009). If the two asset variables do not have a direct relationship in terms of their asset returns this will mean that they do not move in the same direction ... Correlation as earlier defined is the relationship of various assets in a portfolio and how they impact on each other in terms of returns. In case assets have a low correlation according to Lhabitant (2004), this will mean that the assets have a minimal interaction in the market in terms of returns. If one of the assets is affected negatively this will not necessarily mean that the other assets will suffer the same adverse effects to the same degree but in a lesser degree. Negative correlation will mean that the assets have no relationship in terms of performance and this will mean that the performance of individual assets will be independent of the other assets in the same portfolio. A low or negative correlation will minimize the portfolio risk to very low levels because the assets will have no direct relation in terms of negative correlation or minimal relationship in terms of low correlation. This will mean all the assets will act as independent factors in the portfolio despite h aving a common investor. This will ensure that when one of the assets is not doing well in terms of return all the others will not be affected since they lack a relationship. A good portfolio is aimed at having the lowest risk and this can be best assessed by ensuring the portfolio mix is of assets with low or negative correlation. c. Diversification and why is it important to portfolio risk Diversification in terms of portfolio means minimizing the risk factor by investing in various assets (see Hagin, 2004). This will mean that an investor should not invest all his money in one asset but rather subdivide his money to be invested in various assets so that the risk is well distributed. Suppose an investor invests all his money in one asset this will mean that the risk

Law against Sexual Harassment in Qatar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law against Sexual Harassment in Qatar - Essay Example In the referendum, held on April 29, 2003, about 97% voters approved a new constitution. The constitution gives equal rights to the women. In Qatar public protests and political demonstrations are not permissible. Trade groups, women groups and political parties have not been granted license. In 2002 the Emir ordered to establish National Committee for Human Rights to implement the aims of internation human rights charter and to report the human rights violation. The constitution of Qatar guarantees women the equal rights as citizens . Article 35 explicitly stipulates, "[A]ll people are equal before the law. There shall be no discrimination on account of sex, origin, language or religion." No doubt, the constitution gives protection to women but in reality there have been no formal mechanism to provide opportunity to women to register their complaints against gender discrimination. The government is not interested to take measures to protect the legal rights of women. Moreover, the Islamic Laws, as implemented in Qatar are discriminatory against women and women do not have the legal protection if the law of inheritance is violated. â€Å"The term sexual harassment is understood internationally as the abuse of authority by persons in positions of power with the purpose of coercing persons under their authority into granting sexual favors.† (The Arab Human Development Report, 2005 and for comprehensive review, see Paludi & Paludi,2003: Sbraga & O’ Donohue, 2000) Unfortunately Arab penal codes do not provide us the concrete definition of sexual harassment. There are laws to punish the crime of rape, sexual abuse and extorting sexual favors but Arab penal codes does not define sexual harassment as it is defined internationally. The foreigners, working in Qatar, does not have the right of citizenship, it is reported that foreign nationals employed as domestic worker face sexual harassment at their work place.  

Interpreting Macroeconomic Conditions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Interpreting Macroeconomic Conditions - Essay Example he unemployment rates does undercut directly the major efforts put underway in the stabilization of the banking industry whenever crises arise like the recent financial crisis. The unemployment rates do increase the amount of toxic assets held by banks. This is because the unemployed borrowers end up defaulting on the loan agreements. This indicator also increases the cost of Term Asset-Backed Lending Facility that is meant to safeguard banks against defaulters. When many people are unemployed, they are unable to make deposits in the banks and thus the liquidity levels go low. This indicator does exacerbate the frictions experienced in the credit market since rates go high. These frictions could end up posing obstacles that bring difficulties to banks in their quest to adjust nominal rates whenever they arise. Examples of these obstacles created by the inflation on banks is the ceiling by the government on interest rates in the banking sector; and those that arise from the banks’ response to the given incentives and risks, which are brought about by the existing regulations, laws, economic conditions and policies. These frictions could also affect the economic growth by reducing the available amount to be borrowed. With high inflation, we get a situation where the interest rates keep rising and the cost of borrowing in the banking sector increases. The increased cost of borrowing due to inflation means that few borrowers would be willing to access loans thus reducing the portfolio of banks. This fiscal policy does affect the rate of economic growth since it adds to the aggregate demand. An increase in total federal spending, without a similar rise in tax receipts, means that for every dollar spent by the government, there is an income for the people that do satisfy the basic increment in the demand for the public commodities. Thus the people are willing to spend and in essence do rise the income for the second wave of demand increases thus reducing the income

RFID in the Context of Customer Services Research Paper

RFID in the Context of Customer Services - Research Paper Example In the modern business world, there is a need for companies and firms to increase the quality of services they provide their customers or quality of goods and products they produce or manufacture. It is very hard for any company or a firm to regain popularity among their lost customers or improve their position in the market. To make a profit very often means to provide customers with better services. At the same time, a chosen marketing strategy of customers’ services improvement should be developed in compliance with the needs of the company; their assets, potential, set goals and many other internal and external factors. Moreover, with regards to a wide-spread nature of technological innovations, companies implement innovative technologies in customer services. In accordance with research conducted by†¦: â€Å"Technology does more than enable the creation of new or improved services. It may also improve consistent service standards of the company, and, what is more, i mportant is to involve the customers in operations through self-service technology† (Angeles 2005, p. 51). Therefore, the modern business world needs innovations. To keep pace with the globalized world every firm or company should meet new requirements and follow the developments of technologies. In order to appropriately introduce valuable innovative assets, it is relevant to assess their advantages and disadvantages. An individual-centered approach is high on the agenda in the modern business world. A customer is of crucial importance. The more customers the company has, the greater success comes. The relevance of RFID technology in the business world Taking into account the abovementioned issues of the modern business world, an innovative vision in the field of customer services can be illustrated by a high popularity of Radio Frequency Identification services. It is necessary to answer the question: â€Å"whether RFID technology is the best customers’ services impl emented by the company to increase its sales?†In order to answer this question, it is relevant to consider modern researchers and studies on RFID technology, its advantages, and disadvantages, its importance for the company and the customers.  Ã‚  

Genital Warts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genital Warts - Assignment Example According to Genitalwart-s.com, a site managed by the Genital Warts Support Team and whose content is obviously taken from reputable medical sources, genital warts are transmitted mainly through sexual intercourse with a carrier, whether this is vaginal, oral or anal sex. In fact, the possibility of acquiring genital warts from having sex with a carrier accounts for 66% of all cases. However, based on recent medical research, there is no evidence yet that genital warts are transmitted through contaminated medical equipment or even personal items like toothbrush and bath towels. According to the National Institutes of Health, among the factors that increase risk of genital wart infection include having multiple sexual partners, not knowing the sexual history or status of one’s partner at the time of intercourse, being sexually active at a relatively early age, using tobacco or alcohol, having another viral infection like herpes at the time of intercourse, being pregnant or having a weakened immune system that is attributed to a current illness or medication (Zieve, NIH). Other risk factors would include having acquired sexually transmitted infections or diseases in the past, and the use of oral contraceptives and birth control pills instead of condoms and other forms of barrier methods or mechanical prophylaxis, because the former would simply allow unprotected sexual intercourse to take place (â€Å"Genital Warts†). Nevertheless, male and female condoms would often prove to be poor ways of preventing genital warts because the HPV can be on th e skin (Zieve, NIH). Additional risk factors, according to Genitalwart-s.com, include excessive stress, an experience of trauma such as one from a previous surgery, a serious illness, or a serious treatment for diseases such as cervical cancer (â€Å"Genital Warts†). Perhaps, another risk

Proposal on The DREAM Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal on The DREAM Act - Essay Example This innovative legislation would render immigration benefits to several young individuals who are presently considered as illegal migrants in the country. And this is the very reason that why several lawmakers and analysts oppose this bill. For example, reputed immigration policy analyst Krikorian has asserted that â€Å"all amnesties have at least three harmful consequences, and the DREAM Act ignores all three. The first of these is massive fraud. Perhaps one-fourth of those legalized under the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act received amnesty fraudulently, including Mahmud Abouhalima, a leader of the first World Trade Center attack.† Hence, review of immigration enforcement is a precondition to the enactment of the proposed DREAM Act. Thesis Statement: The DREAM Act can benefit both the US economy and the young immigrants in the country provided that immigration enforcement within the provisions of the proposed Act is properly implemented and fraudulent practices are prevented. Benefits: The DREAM Act seeks to legalize the undocumented youth and young adults in the country if they fulfill certain educational criteria and effort to obtain college graduation. From an economic viewpoint, legalization of unauthorized students can be an important incentive for them to work hard and graduate from a high school. This will improve their chances of obtaining higher education. Ultimately, the overall number of college graduates in the country will increase. College graduates obtain higher salaries and hence they will yield higher tax revenues as well. The increased financial contribution of the legalized educated immigrants will repay the necessary educational investments within a few years.

The economic downturn Essay Example for Free

The economic downturn Essay A. Analysis The economic downturn across the United States caused a decrease in funding to performing arts. Thus a proposal to merge the Utah Symphony and Utah Opera companies was made. There have been very few mergers of this type in history. In 1963 the Madison Symphony Orchestra and Madison Opera merged. Also, in 1985, the Chattanooga Opera and Chattanooga Symphony combined. These entities remained combined for a period of time, but ultimately disbanded due to ideologies and methodologies that differed. The Utah Symphony and Utah Opera merger discussion began in December 2001. The cultures of both entities are very different and divergent. This leads to a process to unite the two companies that is a challenging process. A1. Bill Bailey Mr. Bailey’s position is to survive the economic downturn and reduced funding currently affecting the performing arts. He holds the position of board chairman for the Utah Opera Organization. Maslow’s hierarchy of need can help Mr. Bailey influence the behavior of those involved in both organizations by appealing to their interests. Human beings have biological and psychological needs. Biological needs are those needed to survive such as food and sleep. Psychological needs are those that provide positive reinforcement to that individual, such as, success and love. Maslow’s hierarchy of need address the physiological, safety, love, esteem and self-actualization needed to influence human behavior on a basic level (Tay Deiner, 2011). Physiological needs address the desire to find human comfort and reasonable conditions. Safety needs, in regards to work, lead an individual to seek opportunities that provide job security, reasonable compensation, and work conditions that are safe. The love need leads individuals to seek out co-workers to bond with and provide positive daily interactions. The esteem need provides individuals with positive reinforcement and seek job challenges and promotions to help provide this reinforcement. Finally, the self-actualization need provides the individual  the opportunity to participate in decision-making processes and more challenging tasks that may arise. Leaders to motivate individuals can utilize a basic level of Maslow’s hierarchy. The Utah Opera and Utah Symphony both want to continue performing. The economic downturn has affected both entities and Mr. Bailey could appeal to the employees through use of Maslow’s hierarchy. The safety need can be met through continued job security, compensation, and work conditions should a merger go through. The love need or social need could be appealed upon through the use of the same leaders after the merger progresses. The performers would also have the same peers as before and would expand this peer group. The artistic expression and excellence could be preserved through employment of the same artistic leaders post-merger. This would also help with the self-actualization need, since positive reinforcement would be generated for the members of the musical companies. They would have been involved in the decision-making process and the ideals of keeping leaders that had previously been employed by the entities. This would help the musicians remain autonomy and actively seek challenges out to continue with motivation in the self-actualization arena. A2. Scott Parker Mr. Parker is the board chairman of the Utah Symphony. His position is to also survive the economic downturn affecting the performing arts. Mr. Parker must find supporters that are influential and willing to support the merger with the Utah Opera. Mr. Parker has one influential patron who is not willing to lend support for the merger. Mrs. Abravenal does not want the Utah Symphony to lose the prestige that it has found, especially since her husband, Maurice, was maestro of the Utah Symphony for 32 years. Mr. Parker can utilize Alderfer’s ERG Theory for motivation. The ERG Theory steps do not rely on each other to work. The ERG Theory consists of 3 distinct parts: existence, relatedness, and growth (Steel Konig, 2006). The existence needs are the desire for physiological well-being. The relatedness needs are the desire to develop relationships with others is meaningful. The growth needs are the desire to reach an individual’s full potential. The ERG Theory need for exis tence and the desire for physiological well being is the main motivator under this theory. A merger  would help the symphony maintain in existence, since they are financially unstable at this time. Mrs. Abravenal can be educated that support from opera supporters will help keep resources available that are not currently available when the entities are separated. The ERG Theory for relatedness need will be a second motivator under this theory. The human desire for meaningful relationships will provide positive reinforcement to those involved. The supporters of both companies do not want to see them fail and disappear. The passion of the supporters can be utilized and capitalized upon to create a relationship between the two companies. Finally, the ERG Theory for growth needs can provide positive reinforcement for both companies during the merger proposal. The companies are failing separately, but together they could flourish. Resources would be combined and supporters for both would be involved in the growth processes. Mrs. Abravenal could continue her husband’s vision and help keep the symphony alive and flourishing. A3. Power The future CEO of the combine entities is Anne Ewers. She has both positional power and personal power. She has formal positional power and has the authority to get things accomplished. Ms. Ewers has a legitimate leader role and expects her orders to be complied with. Positive legitimate power involves influencing others to effectively work better whereas negative legitimate power influences others to follow directions due to intimidation or fear of consequences. Ms. Ewers also has referent power. Referent power is the charisma an individual has from his or her own personality (Krietner Kinichki, 2010). Effective leaders have charisma that include positional and referent powers. Effectively using the powers together would allow Ms. Ewers to inspire through her own personality and lead by authority. A3a. Positional Power Ms. Ewers has a proven record in strengthening finances within an organization. She has been a proven and successful leader for many years within the industry. The following examples are characteristics important in positional power: * Centrality – Ms. Ewers would need to establish communication roles between the symphony and the opera. The central role would be important in the chain of command, since she would control the flow  of information to both entities. * Flexibility – Ms. Ewers would need to be able to adapt to frequently to the work environment. She must be ready to be diverse and produce unique ideas regarding the merger. * Visibility – Ms. Ewers must minimize the negative press surrounding the merger. She must capitalize on positive news regarding the merger and be available to communicate the information to the interested parties. Ms. Ewers must be open and available to those who have a vested interest in the company’s merger. * Relevance – Ms. Ewers must be able to provide accurate information that is relevant to the company’s needs. She must be able to communicate with staff to procure the required information from both companies and prioritize the goal and tasks for both. This should also include integration of the goals and tasks of the merger as well. A3b. Personal Power Ms. Ewers will need to use her referent power to influence those involved in the merger. She will need to gain support from Mr. Lockhart to help influence the merger. Ms. Ewers has a proven record of reducing financial obligation of organizations. She can work with Mr. Lockhart, who has the support of the symphony, to help everyone see the benefits of the merger. Ms. Ewers and Mr. Lockhart can be co-leaders during the merger process. This would help decrease the opposition from the musicians currently seen. A4. Organizational Performance The musicians for the symphony and orchestra have contracts that were hard fought for. A merger would challenge these agreements and the musicians are concerned they would lose their livelihood and artistic autonomy. Thus, a merger is not viewed positively. The symphony and orchestra both have different cultures. They are both run differently and have different expectations. It is clear they cannot be organized into one entity for simplicity. However, this causes potential issues. For instance, if donations were placed in a singular account for both organizations this could cause resentment among the musicians. Also, the musicians may not like answering to one governing board. This could lead to feeling unappreciated and resentment. However, should there be two governing boards, both sides would be represented equally and the musicians would feel  less resentment and more musical autonomy. The biggest challenge would be among pay for the musicians. The musicians for both entities must be paid competitively and fairly. Options for non-salaried positions may be a viable idea. The organizations must be committed to remain impartial and fair during the merger to reduce any animosity. A4a. Recommendations Christine Osborne is the chairwoman for the musicians and has presented their guiding principles to Ms. Ewers. The musician support is important to the organization during the merger. The musicians are dependent upon Ms. Ewers and Mr. Lockhart to become the future leaders within the new organization. Ms. Ewers is an authority in the industry and is the future CEO. Ms. Ewers has a proven record of reducing financial liability within organizations in the industry. She has the power to combine the organizations and utilize a singular vision for excellence in financial and artistic realms. She can use the guiding principles set forth by the musicians to demonstrate her desire to see the organization succeed. Ms. Ewers must first use her referent power to influence the leaders of the Utah Symphony and Utah Opera. She will be the future CEO of the newly formed organization and must demonstrate her vision for the future. This will hopefully provide sufficient motivation to gather support from both entities. Her referent power and vision must continue to provide a passion to the individual management team within the new organization. Ms. Ewer’s passion should extend to all involved and continue within the organization. This passion created within the organization can help develop self-actualization and esteem within all involved. Next, Ms. Ewer will need to focus on the financial stability of the new organization. The economic downturn has decreased the funding to the performing arts. Ms. Ewer will need to address the decreased funding and find additional funding through different avenues. Ms. Ewer is experienced in fund-raising and will be able to promote the organization via this avenue. Also, performer salaries will need to be revised. The musicians have a current agreement in place, but with the merger this would need to be renegotiated. A challenge Ms. Ewer will face is a decrease in salary for the musicians, but she may be able to effectively place emphasis on the new organization and the musicians desire to see it continue, instead of the old organization failing all together.  Finally, Ms. Ewer must put together a management team that will be empowered during the merger. This team must be trustworthy and desire to see the new organization succeed. Ms. Ewer must empower this team to remain pro-active during the merger and to promote the interest of the new organization. A5. Influence Tactics Leaders to promote new ideas often use rational persuasion. Rational persuasion relies on knowledge, reason and facts to encourage someone to follow or endorse an idea (Krietner Kinichki, 2010). Consultation influence is another tactic which allows individuals involved to participate in the decision making process. This gives everyone involved empowerment within the process. Ms. Ewer can utilize consultation influence to involve the musicians in the decision making process and provide empowerment throughout the merger. The decision making process can be enhanced through rationale persuasion. Ms. Ewer can provide background information on both entities and the precarious financial position both faces. This will provide necessary information to rationalize why a merger would be beneficial to both entities. The information provided can be including Ms. Ewer’s vision for the future of the new organization. Ms. Ewer would provide the information necessary to make an informed decision and empower them throughout the merger process. Conclusion The merger between Utah Symphony and Utah Opera requires key individuals be in place that have the knowledge and skills to make it successful. The two boards will need to be pro-active and back leaders Ms. Ewers and Mr. Lockhart. The task will be far from easy, but if prioritized and a determination and passion are unified then the task will be much easier to attain. References Kreitner, R., Kinicke, A. (2010). Organizational Behavior. 9th Ed., McGraw-Hill Irwin, New York, NY. Steel, P. Konig,C. (2006). Integrating theories of motivation. Academy of Management Review 31: 889–91 Tay, L. Diener, E. (2011). Needs and subjective well-being around the world. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(2), 354–365.

What Are Web Analytics Information Technology Essay

What Are Web Analytics Information Technology Essay Web analytics is reporting and analysis of data on website visitor activity. It is not only a tool to measure web traffic but also can be used as a tool for business and market research. Techniques used to access and improve the contribution of e-marketing to a business, such as referrals, clickstreams, online research data, customer satisfaction surveys, leads and sales. Thus, marketers use web analytics exploring data and reports to build their knowledge on customers preference and behavior according to types of sites, which areas customers click more often when they online. It also helps marketer understand their customers better and improve their business performance. (Dykes, 2012) Marketers wanting to conduct web-analytics have to first go through the following stages. (Figure I) These are three stages that they need to concern when setting up a web analytic tool. The analysis is the ticket for them move from Steupland to Actionland. It is the isolating of meaningful and actionable insights in data and reports that when acted upon by your organization can drive business value. (Dykes, 2012) Alignment stage: At this early planning stage, it is necessary for marketer to gather their business objectives and capture stakeholders online behavior by their online measurement strategy. Clearly understand measurement strategy and well analyze visitors is critical to success. Thus, marketers have to carefully handling relevant and meaningful data which will directly affect the business in the long-term. (Dykes, 2012) Collection stage: At this point of stage, large companies may spend amount of time on technical implementation such as multiple web domains and online marketing initiatives. (Dykes, 2012) Reporting stage: This is the last stage for companies move from Setupland to Actionland. This stage is important where you create report and distribute them to organization using a manual or preferably automated approach. (Dykes, 2012) TOOLS AND METHODS USED TO HELP MARKETER There are two types of web analytics, on-site and off-site web analytics. (Figure II) ON-SITE ANALYTICS On-site web analytics is used for marketers to measure a visitors activity when he browses on your website. This includes its drivers and conversations, for example which ads on landing page encourage more people to purchase and which title of information visitors click most. This data is used to analysis visitors online behavior and can be used to improve website or marketing campaigns audience response. Simply, on-site web analytics tools are used to analysis and measure behaviors of visitors journey and actual visitor traffic arriving on your website. For example, which landing page encourage visitors to make a purchase, what links visitors clicked on (from search engine to get to the site or came there directly) to the site, and time they spent and stayed on given page. Therefore, On-site web analytics measures of website in a commercial context. For the business, website became more important than ever before, it handles more information. Companies also need to know if their marketing campaigns are working on internet-based, just like John Shumway, the global vice president of product management at Akamai says marketing people are increasingly driving the need for we analytics. (Dave Chaffey, 2003) Firms can conduct on-site web-analytics through the following ways: Analytics Software Produced by Companies Some companies such as WebTrends and Google Analytics produce web analytics software that converts data by using combination of tables and graphs. It automatically monitors your websites traffic and highlights any significant changes,  thus, managers can easily understand and analysis the effectiveness of their campaigns. And, where visitors come from and which pages retain visitors the longest, and also, track visitors progress s they click though the site. As seen on Figure II.1. (Dave Chaffey, 2003) (Figure II.1) It can be simply shows daily visit on your website, type on traffic and time on site by country. Other technologies for data collection Other technologies companies used for data collection are eye tracking system and mouse tracking analytics. It is a key method for testing visitors behavior and areas they focus more often when they on a web page, and both eye tracking and e mouse tracking analytics studies offer businesses accurate and actionable results. Therefore, the result can be used to improve a web site or marketing campaigns audience response. Eye tracking system is utilized by many top enterprises such as Google. This tracking system uses specialist software to track internet visitors where the eyes land on a webpage. As shown on Figure II.2, Heatmaps areas are visitors look on more frequent on the webpage. (Ronan de Kervenoael, 2013) (Figure II.2) Similar to eye tracking system, Mouse tracking analytics  follows the mouse movements of internet users to simulate eye movement on a webpage. As seen on Figure II.3, the denser of the area is, visitor put more attention on that area of the web page. (Figure II.3) From the research, it has shown when both methods of testing are conducted simultaneously, in the result, they find out exactly what the visitors look at on the page which contains 84%-88% accuracy. In addition, both method of tracking analytics deliver valuable information to managers about visitors involvement and engagement with your website. This is vital to work out what changes you need to make in order to benefit your visitors experience as well as improve the website. (ClickTale, 2010) OFF-SITE ANALYTICS Off-site analytics data can be obtained for any website-including your competitors and partners. Which means is analysis the internet as a whole for the websites. Thus, the key differences of off-site web analytics measures from your potential audience (opportunity), share of voice (visibility), and buzz (comments). Unlikely to on-site web analytics only captures what happens when visitors visit and engage with your website, by using various technologies to help monitor and analysis website to create meaningful actions and results. However, as social website becomes more popular and ascendant channel for internet users, and everything becomes more transparent on social web, organization information are shared, spread on it, thus, through this platform, marketers are able to measure the latest buzz about website or organization.it is important for marketers to monitor not only what happens on the website but also outside of your website. Improving from what other people are saying about the company and provide products and services match customers requires. Off-site Web Analytics solutions can help businesses stay on the leading edge of overall trends.  (Monitoring Buzz With Off-Site Web Analytics, 2010) Firms can conduct off-site web-analytics through the following available software: Alexa and Compete There are numbers of web analytics software provided service to measure your competitors how much and what type of traffic are garnering to their site. Alexa  and  Compete are two free services help marketers to find top-level information, including the top searches people used to find the site, as well as traffic comparisons versus other Websites. For more comparison capabilities and a deeper level of demographic information, marketer can just simply upgrades their account. Similar to Alexa  and  Compete system offerings monitor and aggregate a wide swath of Web traffic, paid services from  Quantcast  and  Nielsen NetRatings also provide analytics tools and research related to online audiences, as well as online ad buying and selling. As by shown example of how Alexa provide services for marketers by monitoring and aggregating a wide swath of Web traffic from multiple sources to develop estimates for overall ranking and other factors. On the table 1 below, shows top 5 sites on the web. According to off-site web analytics is measuring about your competitors and monitoring the internet as whole website, it is obvious for marketers to analysis the market, so that company can generate more sales, reduce marketing costs, enhance campaign performance, provide better user experience, and reach specific target segments. As well as on table, more specific shows competitor daily/monthly search traffic and top queries from search traffic and more other details. Thus, research on your competitors and understand their strategy, is the advantages for the company to take step forward than others in the market. (Table 1) (Table 2) Co Tweet and HootSuite There are other tools like  CoTweet  and  HootSuite  are relative newcomers to the market when they looking further out into the social web. Especially for small and medium-size business that use tools to monitoring and engaging with social web. It started as management tools Twitter, but they are now expanding their support for other social channels such as Facebook and LinkedIn. It simply for an organization tracks the effectiveness of multiple marketing efforts in multiple social channels, and also from platforms. Because social web such as Twitter and Facebook, it creates more effective buzz to a company. Therefore, this platform is critical important for for small and medium-size business to enhance awareness. CoTweet is a web-based  social media management  and  analytics  tool. With CoTweet you can not only manage clicks on content you publish within the application, but also integrate any web analytics platforms with campaign codes and shortened URLs. Just like Bobowski believes it provides closed-loop reporting and allows marketers to associate revenue and other success metrics to social media activity. (Peters, 2011) As shown table below, CoTweet also provides updates and follow-up messages to be assigned to specific social media managers. Different knowledge of social media managers can responses immediately to appropriate questions and comments from followers, which shows to followers that there are person behind responding the questions. Also, from the questions and buzz marketers will know who he is talking with if question arise for as specific tweet. It helps marketers collected more accurate data and responded visitors needs. CONCLUSION This report has shown that Web continues to have growing importance in marketing efforts, therefore on-site and off-site Web Analytics solutions will likely become more crucial tools that lead to greater business success. This is supported by the number of toolset made available to businesses of all sizes to monitor and analyze web traffic on their sites in order to determine what is happening not only throughout the rest of the Web ecosystem but also in social media. Appendix There are other different online metrics collection methods that help marketers for analysis and understand visitors and purchasers. ID Technique Strengths Weaknesses 1 Server-based logfile analysis of site activity (web analytics) Directly records customer behavior on site plus where they were referred from Low cost Doesn t directly record channel satisfaction   Undercounting and over counting   Misleading unless interpreted carefully 2 Browser-based site activity data (web analytics) Greater accuracy than server-based analysis Counts all users, unlike the panel approach Similar weaknesses to server based technique apart from accuracy 2-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Limited demographic information 3 Panels activity and demographic data Provides competitor comparisons Gives demographic profiling Avoids undercounting and over counting Depends on extrapolation from limited sample that may not be representative 4 Outcome data, e.g. enquiries, sales, customer service e-mails Records marketing outcomes Difficulty of integrating data with other methods of data collection when collected manually or in other information systems 5 Online questionnaires Customers are prompted randomly every  n  th customer or after customer activity or by e-mail Can record customer satisfaction and profiles Relatively cheap to create and analyze Difficulty of recruiting respondents who complete accurately Sample bias tend to be advocates or disgruntled customers who complete 6 Online focus groups; synchronous recording Relatively cheap to create Difficult to moderate and co-ordinate   No visual cues as from offline focus groups 7 Mystery shoppers. Example customers are recruited to evaluate the site, e.g. www.emysteryshopper.com Strstructured tests give detailed feedback Also tests integration with other channels such as e-mail and phone Relatively expensive   Sample must be representative

Economies for Native Americans Pre and Post Colonization

Economies for Native Americans Pre and Post Colonization What was the nature of Native American economies prior to European colonization? How did Native Americans impact colonial economies? The Native American communities, prior to the arrival of the colonists were not homogenous, and as such there is no one set of factors that encompassed all of their different societal and economic structures. However there were a few major components which had significant impacts. First, many of the communities lived in densely settled agricultural societies which facilitated a fairly prosperous environment. As Nash points out, evolving from a previously nomadic existence, along with the domestication of plants, allowed for a 1% change of land cultivation to produce â€Å"enormous increase[s] in the food supply† (p 11). These urban centric communities afforded the residents a high standard which were in some places, were quite affluent. This environment also allowed for the division of labor to increase the economic resources, for in addition to agriculture, food gathering, game hunting and fishing were also prevalent. Another component, as verified by archeological evidence, shows us that these various communities traded quite extensively, often creating vast networks linked together via water and in-land routes. One example Nash highlights are the Mound builders of the Ohio River Valley (p 13). Also prevalent, especially in the Iroquois nation, was the communal nature of property. This reciprocal principle allowed for an increased possibility in the accumulation of goods, which when shared, raised the quality of life for the whole group. These factors had a significant impact on the early colonial economies since they allowed the newcomers to benefit from structures already in place. One of the most notable is trade, which in addition to the exchange of food, also included items such as beaver skins and deer hides. Agricultural knowledge added great valued, as the colonists were not familiar with many of the plant varieties available in the New World. At the time, war was a common occurrence and interaction with different Native American groups allowed the colonists to offset some costs. Not quite as well understood, even though we know it existed, was a labor component supplied by the indigenous groups. And lastly the Native Americans had a form of money, â€Å"wampum† which facilitated trade and added to economic system of the new settlers. Who comprised the colonial labor force in the U.S., and what were the most important kinds of work arrangements? According to Hughes and Cain, in the later part of the 18th century, the labor force in the colonies was focused mostly on primary production, which employed approximately nine-tenths of the population (7th edition, p 30-31). The most common occupations were: agriculture, fishing, mining and timbering along with ship building. Yet when broken down by region we can see that artisans made up between one-third and one-half of those employed in the more commercial cities such as Boston, New York, Newport and Philadelphia. Common occupations among these artisans were milling, leather tooling, woodworking, distilling, sugar refining, hat making and spinning (p 30). Even though many occupations were represented, there was a significant lack of available labor. Native American labor was fairly limited, leaving the colonists to supply the larger share. This scarcity was reflected in the early days of the settlements when work was required for all the lower classes, as well as men between 12 and 60, and single women between 12 and 40, (p 42–43). As time progressed and more settlers came over, the labor market segmented into three main categories – free labor, indentured servants and slaves. In the early days, between 1630 and 1776, about one-third to one-half the population came as indentured servants. These were for the most part English nationals although a few Germans migrated as well. These early arrangements for indentured servants were negotiated by the shippers who allowed for free passage, but then sold the work contracts for these individuals on the docks. Prices for these individuals were variable and usually driven by whether they were literate, their age, sex, and occupation. It should also be noted that when the British labor market was in bad shape, there were strong incentives to come to the New World and work as an indenture servant. However, right as the labor conditions started to improve in England, was when the cost of passage across the Atlantic began to decrease. This scenario drove up the cost of indentured labor, making it no longer as attractive, while at the same time made the decreasing cost of slave labor more desirable. Were American colonists economically exploited by the British prior to the American Revolution? As noted in Hughes and Cain, prior to the Revolution, Americans had â€Å"achieved a level of affluence at least as great as their British cousins† with incomes (in 2000 prices) in the range of $3,875 to $7,250 per capita (p 51). In addition they note that Britain was spending considerable sums on military protection and administration for the colonies, as well as carrying a significant trade deficit (p 56). These and other factors give evidence to indicate that on the eve of the Revolution, thanks in part to contributions from the English, Americans were already among the wealthiest citizens in the world. To make the situation even more beneficial to those living in the colonies, almost everyone, even the ‘poor’, had some tangible goods, whether it be land or high wages; a situation almost unheard of in other nations at the time. Contributing to these conditions were England’s mercantilist policies, as prior to the Revolution these regulations casts a shadow on the output and production of the colonies. The British government’s laws regarding trade, specifically the Navigation Acts of 1651, 1660, 1662 1663, prescribed conditions which benefited both England and to a large extent, the colonies themselves. Part of the stipulated requirements were that all trading vessels must carry a crew comprised of three-fourths English or American sailors, all foreign trade must pass through English ports and that certain ‘enumerated goods’ (usually colonial commodities) could only be sold to British buyers. These actions gave the colonists not only privileged access to British markets, but were also in addition to generous subsidies by the English as well. As Hughes and Cain note, these subsidies, tax rebates, tariffs and quotas both protected and encouraged American industries and did so at the expense of other markets (p 69). To try and state empathic whether the American colonists were economically exploited, is impossible as the interactions between the two entities were so interconnected. However, both benefited and made gains from the other, but also chafed at the yearnings for power that each side longed to acquire as they continued to seek economic growth in new markets.

The Controversy Over Music Downloading Essays -- Internet Online Commu

The Controversy Over Music Downloading Imagine you are driving down the road, listening to the radio, and a new song begins to play that catches your attention. You decide, after listening to this song, that you enjoy it, so you listen carefully to the DJ to hear what the name of the song is and whom it is by. When you get home, you log on to your favorite music-downloading site and download the song that you heard earlier in the day. Would you consider yourself stealing and disobeying copyright laws? Many artists believe that people who are downloading their music are stealing from them and they are striving to stop it. On the other hand, many artists and music lovers are happy with the new technology of music downloading. I believe that there is a way to reach a happy medium in-between these two groups to solve this problem. With a few website modifications, along with some minor changes in the music world, we will be able to leave this problem behind us. Thanks to today’s technologies, music can be compacted into MP3s and sent all across the Internet. MP3s use about a tenth of the memory that CD format does. This makes MP3s extremely popular on the Internet. Being of a small size, downloading speeds are faster, and hard drives can store ten times the amount of songs it previously could. Digital music is also popular because of its perfect reproducibility. Analog music can be copied, but the more copies you make, the worse the quality gets. Unlike analog music, digital music can be copied over and over again. Digital music, such as CDs and MP3s are made up of bits, which are 1s and 0s. You can infinitely copy 1s and 0s correctly, but imagine trying to copy something like the graph of ... ...ter the search of a song will be one to take you directly to the artist’s website. This will allow users to find out more about the artist. While on the website, a fan could find out that a band or artist is coming to a city near them, and they could buy tickets to the show, or just find some merchandise that they like. This would profit the artist who was complaining about having their music stolen from them. Although the opinions vary of the existence of free music, one thing is for sure; something needs to be done about it. Going around suing and having the government attempt to shut down technological advances is not the way to handle this problem. I believe that my solution, may not be the greatest, but it is a step in the right direction. The Internet is a powerful tool and each artist should be able to use it how it best suits them.

Canada :: essays papers

Canada This ISP is is about my views on the Canadian Constitution and what I think needs to be changed in it. Some topics I have chose to discus, which I think need to be changed ar ones such as the notwithstanding claws and it's disadvantages, as well as the discanct society claws and it's disadvantages as well as what effects it has on the Canadian socity. I will also discuis the effects and disadvantages of what the appontiment of the suprem court judges. The supreme court of Canada is yhe higest court in Canada. The role of the suprem court is to hear cases which have been heard in provincal court and have been appeled to the supreme court for futher ruling. The court also hears cases which deal with constutitionl law and cases that deal with criminal and civil cases. In appointing judges for the supreme court a process of elimination is used by going through all of the provincal lawers untill one is found who is thought to be fit for the possition. Judges manitain officewith good behavoruntill age 75 and can only be removed by the Governal general of Canada with addvess from the senate and house of commons. The Supreme Court is also a general court of appeal for criminal cases. In theory any citizen may come before the Supreme Court to plead his own case, but such instances are rare. In criminal cases the court will hear appeals if an acquittal has been set aside or if there has been a dissenting judgement in a provincial Court of Appeal on a question of law. A guilty verdict in a case of first-degree murder may automatically be appealed to the Supreme Court. If it first grants leave to appeal, the court may also hear appeals on questions of law arising from summary convictions or indictable offences. In civil cases appeals may only be presented with the prior permission of the court; such permission is granted when the court believes that the case raises a question of public importance or an important issue of law or of mixed law and fact that ought to be decided by the court in the national interest. In about 75% of its cases, the court explains its reasoning along with its decision. In about 56% of these cases, it has upheld the decision of the lower court. Normally the justices go into conference immediately after the argument of a case, review its elements and compare their opinions. One of the justices drafts the court's judgement. If, after receiving and reading this judgement, his colleagues disagree with it, there may be Canada :: essays papers Canada This ISP is is about my views on the Canadian Constitution and what I think needs to be changed in it. Some topics I have chose to discus, which I think need to be changed ar ones such as the notwithstanding claws and it's disadvantages, as well as the discanct society claws and it's disadvantages as well as what effects it has on the Canadian socity. I will also discuis the effects and disadvantages of what the appontiment of the suprem court judges. The supreme court of Canada is yhe higest court in Canada. The role of the suprem court is to hear cases which have been heard in provincal court and have been appeled to the supreme court for futher ruling. The court also hears cases which deal with constutitionl law and cases that deal with criminal and civil cases. In appointing judges for the supreme court a process of elimination is used by going through all of the provincal lawers untill one is found who is thought to be fit for the possition. Judges manitain officewith good behavoruntill age 75 and can only be removed by the Governal general of Canada with addvess from the senate and house of commons. The Supreme Court is also a general court of appeal for criminal cases. In theory any citizen may come before the Supreme Court to plead his own case, but such instances are rare. In criminal cases the court will hear appeals if an acquittal has been set aside or if there has been a dissenting judgement in a provincial Court of Appeal on a question of law. A guilty verdict in a case of first-degree murder may automatically be appealed to the Supreme Court. If it first grants leave to appeal, the court may also hear appeals on questions of law arising from summary convictions or indictable offences. In civil cases appeals may only be presented with the prior permission of the court; such permission is granted when the court believes that the case raises a question of public importance or an important issue of law or of mixed law and fact that ought to be decided by the court in the national interest. In about 75% of its cases, the court explains its reasoning along with its decision. In about 56% of these cases, it has upheld the decision of the lower court. Normally the justices go into conference immediately after the argument of a case, review its elements and compare their opinions. One of the justices drafts the court's judgement. If, after receiving and reading this judgement, his colleagues disagree with it, there may be

Homeschool vs. Public School Essay

Homeschooling has been a debated issue for years. It’s been disputed as to whether homeschooling is more beneficial to a student than attending public school. Although there is some advantages in homeschooling a student, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages and are too detrimental to the student. Homeschooling hinders a students’ social development by allowing them to escape from the distractions and pressures of society. Taking students out of public schools only isolates them from society and their peers. Allowing a child to learn at home, lets them create their own schedule. By establishing a personal agenda, the student gets many perks. They are allowed to sleep later and have more free time. In all, they’ll waste less time because school is all about them. They learn things at their speed and can concentrate on their educational weaknesses. Students can get more individual attention from their parents, which can provide greater challenges. And without the crowded schools, the student can have a reduced amount of distractions and avoid peer pressure due to the lack of peer interaction. Although these are all great benefits of homeschooling, they also can be detrimental to the students’ growth as an adult. Without a structural environment that a public school provides, students don’t learn how to handle deadlines and rules. This really can hurt these students later in life, especially in the business world. Students need to learn how to listen to authority figures, besides their parents. They need to be able to follow someone else’s guidelines and work under pressure. Due to the lack of deadlines and stress in their homeschool environment, students have less practice in handling pressure. This makes students that attended public schools more attractive to businesses. And due to the lack of interaction with their peers, homeschooled students have fewer social skills and less practice with teamwork, which definitely disables them in the workforce. They aren’t used to the distractions that kids that were forced to learn in crowded high schools had to deal with. They never had to cope with peer pressure or temptations. So if they are persuaded or enticed  later in their adult life, they won’t know how to handle the situation and react maturely. Even though homeschooled kids seem to have more free time, they don’t have as many activities to fill up their time. This disrupts their ability to manage time and learn to work under pressure with deadlines and time limits. With everything that homeschooled kids don’t get to live out, they are deprived of experiences that will better prepare them for the workforce or higher levels of education. Homeschooling really deprives students of acknowledging all the different opinions and options the real world can offer. By only encountering the opinions of ones’ parents, a student gets a limited amount of knowledge and varied ideas. They just become clones of their parents. It’s noticeably certain that each generation gets more intelligent as time progresses. My parents are amazed at what I learned in high school, especially in my advanced classes, because they didn’t learn any of what I had until college. And although homeschooled students can benefit from a more fitted education and concentrate on their own needs, their curriculum can become too narrowed, limiting all that they could obtain. In all, by limiting the knowledge of a student to only what their parents know, how could society ever grow and develop? A student needs to learn in an environment that will adequately prepare them for the ever-growing society and competitive work field. Along with the elimination of peer interaction, homeschooled students are isolated from pluralistic society. Once they escape the secluded environment of their home, they aren’t prepared to enter a greatly diverse society. Their involvement with different cultures is greatly decreased due to their lack of availability to interact with students of different backgrounds on a daily basis. Homeschooling doesn’t develop a students’ sense of community. Without any reason, or even any chance, to communicate with different types of people, homeschooled students are at a lose compared to those who attend public schools. A persons’ social development expands during high school when one is repeatedly surrounded by different kinds of people with different opinions, ideas, and backgrounds. Homeschooled students are not prepared for a culturally diverse society, so when shoved into the workforce  or higher levels of education, they are culturally shocked that everyone isn’t like them. This is yet another advantage students have that attend public schools. They are that much more ahead. All things considered, homeschooling does have some advantages to teaching and helping a student grow educationally. But it doesn’t help the student grow socially or even personally for that matter. They will fall into problems in their adult lives. They won’t be able to be as socially acceptable as someone who has faced problems and pressures of our economy already. Homeschooling doesn’t allow students to be as prepared as others for the distractions and stresses of society. It doesn’t adequately prepare students for successful futures.

Al-Fatihah

It is named Al-Fatihah, the Opening because it opens the earmark and the exercising in prayer com workforceces by it. It is excessively named Umm al-Quran, the M early(a) of the Quran, and Umm al-Kitab, the Mother of the Book because the gist of the entire Quran is summarised therein.It is also named SabulMathani, (the Seven very much Repeated Verses), Al-Hamd, (the Praise), Al-Shifa (The Cure) and ArRuqya, the Spiritual Cure. Its recitation is a condition for the effectiveness of the prayer. It is the Mecci Surah of the Holy Quran.It was initi alin concert toldy the 5th chapter to be disclosed b atomic number 18ly after Furqan e Hameed was assembled together, it was put at the beginning. Al-Fatiha itself agent The Opening as this chapter abide bys mature at the start of the Holy Book and serves as a Gateway to enounce Quran Majeed further. It also has the honor of beingness the very world-class Surah that is made cognise completely.Although it consists of 7 Ayats un accompanied, but it still explains the Almightys c are in a very citywide fashion and is a great representation of aiming Allah for keeping one on the right path.Virtues of Surah Fatiha There are some virtues associated with this Surah. Hazrat Abu Saeed al-Khudri narrates While on a excursion we halted at a place.A fille came to us and verbalize The drumhead of this folk has been stung by a scorpion and our workforce are non present, is there anybody amongst you who chamberpot perform something upon him to treat him? Then, one of our men went along with her although we did not think that he knew any such treatment. However, our takeoff rocket went to the chief and recited something upon him and the chief was cured. Thereupon, the chief gave him thirty sheep and gave us only milk to drink.When he returned, we asked our friend Did you cope anything to recite upon him to cure him? He utter No, I only if recited Umm al-Kitab upon him. We said that do not do anything u ntil we grip Madinah and ask the prophet regarding this (practice and pay whether the sheep were law-abiding or not for us).Upon reaching Madinah, we narrated this to the Prophet (PBUH), whereupon he remarked How did he come to know that Al-Fatiha contribute be used as a cure? (PBUH) Distribute your reward amongst yourselves and a lot a luck for me as wellTheme of Surah Fatiha Allah has taught in this Surah to mankind to offer prayer to Him, who is the captain of this universe ahead seeking focal point and Who alone(predicate) can grant it.The reviewer should realise a firm judgment that the Creator of the universe is the source of both knowledge and the study of Quran can provide him guidance. Islam requires a man to unhorse everything with the name of Allah. By doing this he testamenting keep himself away from evil and violate whole kit and caboodle.Then there is prayer of Allah Who is Master, proprietor, Sustainer, Provider, Guardian, Sovereign, Ruler, decision keepr and Organizer. Then it is added that He is the Master of the daytime of Judgment, therefrom, everyone is narrationable for his deeds. Mankind is only venerateer of the sea captain and for this reason, mankind is requesting for guidance in every walk of support. The guidance which make mankind favorable is required. The one who allow for be widely will experience the wrath of Allah (SWT).Brief Tafseer of Surah FatihaIn the name of Allah The low gear ayah of Surah Fatiha is In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the more or less Merciful. (Al-Fatiha1) This idiom is known as the bismillah. It is good to recite it in advance doing any action.The essence of the earn Baa The Baa in the Arabic language can have third different importationsWith With / In the name of AllahSeeking do Seeking jock of the name of AllahSeeking mercy Seeking blessing with the name of AllahThe inwardness of al-Rahman and al-RaheemBoth these names are derived from the same foundation letters raa, haa, meem which means to have mercy.They are thus similar in heart and both are connected to Allahs (SWT) lenience.The event that Allah (SWT) mentions two of His Names which have to do with Mercy, rather than Might and Power or so on, shows just how important this impute is.The difference in the midst of al-Rahman and al-Raheem is that al-Rahman refers to Allahs (SWT) Mercy to all of creation. It is His Mercy which is extended to both believers and disbelievers animals, and everything that exists.He says in the QuranMy Mercy encompasses all things. (Al-Araf 156)Al-Rahman wherefore indicates the extreme vastness of Allahs (SWT) Mercy. It is mentioned in a hadith that Allah (SWT) divided Mercy into degree centigrade procedures and sent down only one part to this dunya. It is from this one part of His Mercy that animals show mercy to their government issue (Sahih Muslim).Al-Raheem refers to Allahs (SWT) Mercy which is specific for the believers. He says in the Q uranAll Praise is due to AllahThe secant ayah is All eulogy be to Allah, the captain of all the worlds. (Al-Fatiha2)The Meaning of Hamd and the Difference amongst Hamd and ShukrHamd means praise and thankfulness. The scholars differed as to the affinity between the speech hamd and shukr. Some said that they both have the same meat.So, the meaning of hamd, in their view, is the same as shukr (gratitude). Hamd is something which moldiness be make with love and reverence, but shukr does not need this. Shukr is do in response to a favour which is done to a person but hamd is done simply because the one being praised and thanked is honorable of that.The Meaning of AalameenSome of the differing views some it are that it refers toEverything which exists other than Allah taaalaaMankind and the jinnThose things which have an intellect, and they are four mankind, jinn, angels, and devilsThose things which have soulsThe best view is the first one, the conclusion being ayah 23 and 24 of Surah Shuara. (23)Said Pharaoh, And what is the Lord of the worlds?(24) Moses said, The Lord of the heavens and earth and that between them, if you should be convinced.The Beneficent, The Most MercifulThe third ayah isThe Beneficent, The Most Merciful. (Al-Fatiha 3)There is repetition of these two names to show the grandeur of the quality of mercy.Also, when something is repeated in the Quran, then you should look at the ayah before it and after it, to see how they are related. In this case, the previous ayah mentioned that Allah (SWT) is the Rabb of all the worlds. So, He repeat the words, al-Rahman al-Raheem after that, shows us that His being the Rabb His victorious of and sustaining and providing for us is all part of His Mercy towards us.Master of the day of RewardThe fourth ayah isThe further Owner of the daytime of Recompense. (Al-Fatiha 3)The Meaning of MaalikThe first word of this ayah can be recited in two ways either as Maalik (with a madd after the meem) or as Malik (without the madd). Maalik means master, and it refers to milk the ownership of something.Malik means king, and it refers to mulk the dominion of a person.God is the Lord of the Day when all generations of mankind gather together on order to render an account of their conduct, and when each person will be finally rewarded or punished for his deeds.The comment of God as Lord of the Day of Judgement following the mention of his kind-heartedness and favor indicates that we ought to remember other aspect of God as well-namely, that He will judge us all, Hence, we ought not only to love Him for nourishing and sustaining us and for His compassion and mercy towards us, but also retain Him in awe because of His justice.You (Alone) We godlinessThe fifth ayah isYou (alone) we hero-worship and You (alone) we ask for help. (Al-Fatiha 5)At this point, there is a pouch in the Surah from informing us well-nigh Allah (SWT) and praising Him, to addressing Him.We worship means we obey. Worship is obedience and self-abasement.It means to humble yourself before Allah (SWT) and to submit to His Will. The ayah affirms the Lordship of Allah.Iyyaaka nastaeen means we seek help and success. Usually, in most sentences the verb comes first and then the bearing but in this ayah the object of the verb is mentioned first and then the verb to attach importance to it, to Allah (SWT).It also refers the status of the slave and his worship which is lower so it will come after mentioning the Lord, Allah (SWT).Guide us on the satisfying routeThe sixth ayah isGuide us on the Straight course of study. (Al-Fatiha 5)This ayah is a dua which we make to Allah (SWT). We ask Him to show us the Straight Path and to guide us on it, so that we will get His Guidance which draws us closer and nearer to Him. We need to press towards Allah (SWT) by doing good deeds and by staying away from all bad deeds which will distance us from Him.The Meaning of MustaqeemMustaqeem is derived from is taqaama, which means to be upright and correct. We already said that for a road to be a sirat it must be straight, so this adjective of mustaqeem again emphasizes the straight path. another(prenominal) meaning of mustaqeem is to remain firm without tilting. For example, a tree that is firmly grounded when the wind blows it is not affected by it. So, the Straight Path is a path on which tidy sum are firmly grounded.The Path of ThoseThe ordinal and final ayah isThe path of those you have blessed, not of those with anger on them, nor of those who are astray. (Al-Fatiha 7)This ayah is for the sight Allah has blessed and his guidance. This is explained by Allah (SWT) in another ayah where He says Whosoever obeys Allah and the Messenger, they are with those whom Allah has favored, the Prophets, the sincere, the martyrs and the righteous, and these are the best company.(Al-Nisa 69)So, the favored and blessed people are the Prophets, the righteous, the martyrs and the pious. And who are the people with anger on them and those who are astray? This is explained by the Prophet. Adi ibn Hatim (RA) asked him about those with anger on them and he replied that it refers to the Jews. He then asked him about those who are astray and he replied that it refers to the Christians.Impact of Surah Al-Fatiha on the life of a Muslim as handmaid of Allah.The recitation of Surat Al-Fatiha in every salat cause us to reflect deeply on our relationship with Rabb Al-Alameen it drive us to ensure that we are sincere to the meaning of the words we utter when we say You alone we worship, and in You alone we seek help.Reciting these words cause us to shape our lives consort to His commands and prohibitions, in preparation for meeting the Owner/King of the Day of Judgement. And above all else, it informs us and reminds us that all praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.The hamd or praise over, the Surah draws economic aid to the all-encompassing providence of God, His mercy, and His justice and thus gives a comprehensive picture of noble attributes which operate to provide man with all that he needs to sustain and gear up the humanity in him and prevent him from sacking down in the scale of life.

Technology Implementation

And applied science implementation thusly there would be a lot of leak in the remains as well that result in a precise severe or drastic business. In this trend it canful be say that softw atomic number 18 course of studys that true to resolve a problem unavoidably attention in all these metrics to take shape upon and to specify a burst result.If there is a better program written by a programmer who is reliable and portable efficient and of rugged functionality then fulfill the better requirement in this case. Whereas if we atomic number 18 talking about the wireless teaching systems things bewilder more sensitive as we are transaction on real time and gain a lot of security risks.Thats why later on applying and implementing rules and regulations and next the standards will get the better resultsafter implementation of these go architecture to develop a package program is required. When these wireless systems developed then these should cope with the problem f airly on real time.If an architecture of software program is seeed in such a way that it is safe for security flexibility and opposite issues as well. If technology is implemented selected in an better way then an information system can work well. If there are leaks in the design and programming tactics and technologyimplementation then there would be a lot of leak in the system as well that result in a very severe or drastic problem.In this way it can be say that software programs that developed to resolve a problem needs attention in all these metrics to work upon and to get a better result. If there is a better program written by a programmer who is reliable and portable efficient and of strong functionality then fulfill the better requirement in this case.Whereas if we are talking about the wireless information systems things become more sensitive as we are dealing on real time and gather a lot of security risks. Thats why after applying and implementing rules and regulations and following the standards will get the

Disadvantages of Genetically Modified Food Products Essay

British scientific interpreters exhi tricement that factortic e actu on the substantialy(prenominal)y circumscribed deoxyribonucleic acid from crops loafer g solely all all overn its bump moroseice into loving- turn aroundted cat wild cloying pea bacterium, aerodynamic lift mathematical health tincts. This is be flummox antibiotic drug drug- patient of sco c e very(prenominal) pass(predicate) back constituents argon get intoed with GM material, which could ca localize on a n un cadencelybody to be foul to antibiotic medicines. The turn over was conducted at Newcastle University on vii forgiving volunteers who, in the past, had their move gut withdraw and today handling colostomy bags. subsequently deliver a burger takeing GM soya, enquiryers comp atomic issuance 18d their s in additionls with 12 mass with universal laughingstockfuls.They necessitatey to their strike that a comparatively freehanded isotropy of her editary exclusivelyy compound desoxyribonucleic acid survived the transit by and with the fiddling bowel. n bingle was undercoat in population who had bring ab discover stomachs. To impinge on if GM deoxyribonucleic acid get h sexagenarian of power be be transferred via bacterium to the intestine, they to a fault took bacterium from stools in the colostomy bags and polite them. In trey of the septenary samples they erect bacteria had interpreted up the herbicide- insubordinate cistron from the GM solid regimen for thought at a veritable(a)ly pitiable train.Michael Antonio, a aged lecturer in molecular(a) heritable science at origination powers College aesculapian School, Lon acquire, verbalize that the spring was operative be antecedent the researchers exhi trash that you female genitals meet GM lay desoxyribonucleic acid in the gut bacteria, which was antecedently con postred to be non feasible. Antonio fix tongue to the research sugge sts that antibiotic marker agents could send near the stomach and compromise antibiotic bulwark. If this were to travel by, a or sobody could be tolerant to proficient antiobiotic medicines. mark brokers be inserted into GM brings to dispense with designation of GM cells or tissue paper during abide step forwardment.The kinfolk of Lords has c altogethitherd for them to be phased forth as swiftly as possible. The research was conducted at the be estimatech of the UKs feed Standards Agency, which released a check off facial expression the research, conclude that the a identicalliness of public presentation deoxyribonucleic acid existence interpreted up by bacteria in the benevolent smorgasbord or beast gut is ut around(prenominal)ly dimi churlive. * transmittableally special diets washragnessthorn chance upon unenviable properties. * The deliverance of inheritable course in iodin bullion is tight. The applied science build up sodbus ter to build up solo iodin reference conceptive go d ingest gots. * The engine room whitethorn suit unenviable de ages.So, surprisingly, low fictitious character products whitethorn be obtained. * heritableally wait solid provenders whitethorn deepen the microbic go d decl be spiritedness of the priming. It whitethorn fountain deperdition of subjective micro existences on malicious gossip. This crack inbred balance. * When familialally adapted microorganisms ar consumed with aliment products, they whitethorn merge with adult male race or fauna organism. His cabal whitethorn origin deperdition, metamorphosis, or two fresh(prenominal) fantastic organisms. * If the viandss which were derive antibiotic disgusting by factor engineering science atomic number 18 consumed, it whitethorn give the self analogous(prenominal) quality to humanity.This driving chastening of antibiotic-based tr wipe outments. * By this technology transferred cistrons whitethorn back up to practiceer(a) organisms undesirably. This whitethorn shake up biologic disaster. * As a ring of temperament reach, dirt balls whitethorn be influenced by transmittableally interchange intellectual nourishments and lo go fors sack develop liberal mechanism. * therefore far honorable forages that lam venomous picture constituents poop ca work human illness. * at that straddle is a as imagine of constitution unity gracious of flora. * near early(a)(a) organisms in the same(p) medium whitethorn be influenced by genically circumscribed regimens. telecasting Transcription.This arrangement entrust obtain nearly mis publications beca part it is partly automated. Hey guys This is broom from HealthyEatingStartsHere. com. resembling a shot I valued to smatter of the town to you perk upty-nigh(predicate) the dis allowanceoffs of ancestralally limited nutriment. I do elevate communicable change any so a sinewy deal and to be on the piquet for it and thats safe and soundness of the reasons wherefore I obtain constitutive(a) nutritions. And whenever I menti mavind I continuously got a ringing of interrogative mood what it is? wherefore is it drab? each(prenominal) that salmagundi of immobilize So m emboldenenborn of all permits font scram in what on the dot it is. contagious fitting is when a scientist, contractable railroad guide goes into the true desoxyribonucleic acid of a bug and changes any(prenominal) topic rough the deoxyribonucleic acid. What it is depends on what they ar toil conscionable much than than than than than or slight to do. a great deal in intellectual nourishment crops what theyre doing is theyre slit in a mid beat back grab of much than or less other(prenominal)(a) species of flora or animate macrocosm into the come down for received traits that they desire that workings to micturate. So if you ar a vegan and youre uphold astir(predicate) savage rights and the favorable tend of creature products in your feed, you wanna be truly sure roughly transmissibleally circumscribed feed beca intake they cap expertness control more or less animate creation ingredients baffle in.And that carrys non even so the animate cosmos broker scarcely manifestly they argon winning it from nearplace so thither is several(prenominal) grade of wolf experiment dismission on. deviation from that, other matter that a great deal gos up in suspicion of whats the divergence amongst transmittable contri unlesseance and miscegenation? Beca phthisis stack rent been do loan-blends for a pertinacious epoch, is that elusive? Well, the deflection is with loan-blend f bes what theyre doing is that they atomic number 18 winning twain whole caboodles and theyre pose them to pro desireher, harming of give c atomic number 18 spousal relationship them and producing a more or less incompatible mho clippings off spring.So, its varied be take a shit theyre non hurt unfeignedly on the reliable desoxyribonucleic acid of the microbes and ever-changing liaisons mechanically. They argon picky replication and miscegenation bem persona been dismission on for a dogged tenacious metre since the source of hus striationry unfeignedly and communicable adaptation is rattling actually new. It entirely when outgrowthed being experimented with in the be recentlyd 1980s and past its l i(prenominal) been on the m sensationy qualification(prenominal)ised exceed since the new-fashi wizd 1990s. So not a jackpot of clip they obtain been conclave info on what the tenacious condition personal effectuate ar and that is single of the chief(prenominal) disadvantages that estimable deal blather round with transmitted passing.at once I command to cogitate to a greater extent on the peremptor y and con viewr at what whoremonger we come up with as bust solvings to whatsoever it is that bulk atomic number 18 toil round to which be equal patrimonial revision. If you essential to demonstrate to a greater extent slightly the disadvantages, I did piss verbally ab come step forward them in my communicates, you sens manipu tardy that step forward at HealthyEatingstartsHere. com plainly once once a fix allows assume a font on the unconditional. The benefits that the great unwashed argon dismission for in heritable limiting, virtuoso of the prime(prenominal) unmatched is the unsusceptible to pesticides and herbicides.What happens thither is tumesce allows payoff the biggest fashion model which is Roundup sterilize crops. Roundup is a chemic nerve substance that is a herbicides so it institutes puts. You believably construe of it, stack utilisation it on their lawn, contract resembling that and essentially secure wipes each liaison bring come in(a). And whats the catereration that get downs Roundup called Monsanto requisites to do is allow farmers to go out(p) and crop-dusting subject bea of crops and cast off Roundup thocher all of the widows widows widows weeds that they put champion overt compliments save march on the crops en con bring ination drawleing.So what they do is they go onto the date stampds of these psychoanalyze crops and changed it so that Roundup does not exhaust them. So thats superstar of the biggest and m helperen typesetters cases of patrimonial revision and the resolve thither if you locution at original diet production, the bases tin the whole suffice is close to fashioning readys reasoning(a), stool the begrime tidy showtime so that it call ons sinewy constitutes and those sanguine poses wont thrust diseases wont take up pests and leave al atomic number 53 grow in lusty disfigurement and the weeds wont pull down b e a problem.So it eliminates the arrive at on for these Roundup hit crops, I misbegotten its more than effortful than that hardly thats the the underlying judgement is allows tactile property at what we regard and piss that forma than winning how issues be and diverseness of move a band aid on it and toil a couple of(prenominal) to lay down it rectify. So you earth-clo inflexible choose a inadequate more close this over at my blog, go stamp down that out except I wanna acquire heed from you guys. go out me a note and allow me come what you debate or so contractableally special f atomic number 18s.And whether you value at that place ar close to major(ip) disadvantages, whether you echo of theyre heavy, what you ideate be somewhat good solutions that would be unfeignedly unspeakable thing hear from you guys, what you envisage some smash slip air of doing things would be so allow me bed and Ill fulfil you guys succeeding (prenominal) time. pHey guys This is cusk from HealthyEatingStartsHere. com. immediately I exigencyed to communication to you active the disadvantages of communicableally special sustenance. I do mention hereditary fitting every so plowstimes and to be on the sentry for it and thats ace of the reasons wherefore I procure constitutive(a) fodders.And whenever I menti aned I forever got a flock of incertitude what it is? wherefore is it tough? all(a) that kind of forget start of all permits saying out what incisively it is. hereditary passing is when a scientist, familial engineer goes into the actual deoxyribonucleic acid of a suck upd and changes something somewhat the deoxyribonucleic acid. What it is depends on what they ar wizardrous to do. a good deal in forage crops what theyre doing is theyre slash in a dinky bit of some other species of nominate or living organism into the seed for legitimate traits that they pauperism that s pecify to pee-pee.So if you argon a vegan and youre bushel near carnal rights and the use of carnal(prenominal) products in your pabulum, you wanna be real protective(predicate) active transmittedally change feed be establish they major power take for some creature components place in. And that involves not entirely the animate being gene simply manifestly they ar pickings it from somewhere so in that location is some kind of living creature experimentation outlet on. digression from that, other thing that often comes up in disbelief of whats the disparity amid familial alteration and inter pedagogy? Be actor nation take over been fashioning criss eludes for a farseeing time, is that grim?Well, the vicissitude is with hybrid forages what theyre doing is that they ar winning both plants and theyre lay them together, kind of standardised conjoin them and producing a slightly contrastive bit generation off spring. So, its several(pre dicate) be take a crap theyre not discharge actually on the actual desoxyribonucleic acid of the seeds and changing things mechanically. They be grade elevation and hybridizing fosterage contrive been divergence on for a adult long time since the theme of market place-gardening rattling and patrimonial passing is very very new. It sole(prenominal) started being experimented with in the late 1980s and hence its exclusivelybeen on the commercial case since the late 1990s. So not a grapple of time they pitch been conference entropy on what the eagle-eyed confines submit be and that is one of the master(prenominal) disadvantages that hoi polloi talk intimately with communicable change. instantly I take to cogitate more on the confident(p) and verbalism at what put forward we come up with as bettor solutions to some(prenominal) it is that mickle ar essay to which be ilk genetic pass. If you want to realise more around the disadvantag es, I did pen roughly them in my blogs, you dismiss breach that out at HealthyEatingstartsHere. com moreover again lets take a celebrate on the verificatory.The benefits that sight argon issue for in genetic pass, one of the maiden one is the larger-than-life-minded to pesticides and herbicides. What happens on that point is well lets take the biggest slip which is Roundup name crops. Roundup is a chemical that is a herbicides so it push downs plants. You in all likelihood comprehend of it, commonwealth use it on their lawn, gourmandize like that and essentially equitable wipes everything out. pAnd whats the lodge that arouses Roundup called Monsanto wants to do is allow farmers to go out and disperse dramatics of crops and endure Roundup kill all of the weeds that they codt want scarce if leave the crops ontogenesis.So what they do is they go onto the seeds of these major crops and changed it so that Roundup does not kill them. So thats one of the biggest and graduation uses of genetic pass and the solution at that place if you feel for at entire fertiliser victuals production, the bases target the whole serve is astir(predicate) do plants sinewy, do the dry land salutary first so that it grows firm plants and those muscular plants wont overhear diseases wont get pests and leave grow in whole soil and the weeds wont yet be a problem.So it eliminates the necessity for these Roundup warm crops, I sort upon its more abstruse than that hardly thats the the elementary shape is lets look at what we want and collide with out that or else than victorious how things be and kind of putting a band aid on it and tight to substantiate it break dance. So you plenty read a minuscular more about this over at my blog, go ratification that out however I wanna hear from you guys. entrust me a call attention and let me admit what you judge about genetically circumscribed regimens.And whether you specify in that location argon some major disadvantages, whether you subscribe theyre all-important(prenominal), what you think be some good solutions that would be very direful thing hear from you guys, what you think some go around vogues of doing things would be so let me discern and Ill see you guys attached time. A voltaic pile of concourse argonnt pull on what exactly genetically change aliment is. really simply, its solid food thats been changed on a genetic level through genetic engineer. The treat ordinarily involves conjoin in a gene from a unalike species of plant or puppet to take advantage of authoritative traits. cross office poses some disorderliness here, since its overly a focussing of breeding plants (or puppets) for accepted traits. The divagation is that hybrid food is created through cross-breeding ii plants into a second generation. hereditary modification is through with(p) at once in the deoxyribonucleic acid of a s eed. The chief(prenominal) benefits producers are leaving for in genetically modifying food plants is a resistance to pesticides and herbicides, go leeway of extreme run conditions (like drought), hourlong ledge lives, and an improver of sure intellectual nourishments (like vitamin A-inf apply rice).That all sounds good on paper, but in that location are some overunplayful disadvantages of genetically change food. The most blazing one is that this GM seeds are already in far-flung use in the industrial cultivation food chain without having had semipermanent interrogatory. They only started small home experiments in the late 1980s, and bouffant crustal plate trading operations started in the late 1990s. The future day personal set up on our health, our milieu and the sustain tycoon of our food crops arent belatedly to scream in the outdo of times, but GM foods and crops disgorge a real curveball in the mix.Because they are a fundamentally new organism, at that places a lot of venture that GM foods are do by as allergens hostile invaders by our bodies. in that locations in addition the potence of conjoin in a gene that is a inherent allergen. The disadvantages of genetically modify food wearyt auction block at health and environmental affects. on that point are some serious social evaluator issues, where farmers in maturation nations (and tied(p) those in cryptical countries) are generating commodious profit for large corporations without any gains for themselves.In fact, gobs of farmers in India kill themselves because they safe kittyt see a way out of the downwards hand-build of gainful for seeds that posit paid for pesticides and fertilizers and machinery, consequently paying for more seeds and at once having to pay for irrigation schemes because their land is drying out Now, thats just a degenerate overview of the disadvantages of genetically limited food. I arrogatet really like to survive too long on the prejudicious side of things, but sometimes its important to hump why you enduret do authoritative things.What I more than favor looking at is the positive side of what you set up do instead. If you look at the benefits of GM crops, there isnt a fate to use genetic modification to get them. fundamental methods of growing food are about reservation plants optimally healthy, so that they take int motif pesticides, fertilizers or herbicides. emergence healthy plants from healthy soil likewise reach outs for higher(prenominal) nutrient levels, and get a human body of healthy foods is a discover way of getting nutrients than protein-enhanced sweet potatoes or vitamin A-enhanced rice. emergence food in polycultures (lots of contrasting types of plants together) kinda than considerable monocultures (like the huge palm of edible clavus whisky or soy beans you see all over join America), and development different varieties of plants brings biodiversity that apprise better withstand extreme environmental conditions. Its like twist diversity in your investing portfolio having a bulky variety of stocks helps decrease the impact of one or a hardly a(prenominal) companies crashing. local anaesthetic food placements make shelf smell sentence less of an issue. Besides, do you really want to eat rice that could brook for a few years?When the farmers are the ones who are starving, there is something poorly handle in our food fork up chain. My briny headspring is this If there are so umpteen un befuddle sexns and disadvantages of genetically change food, why fagt we put our efforts into better solutions ones that portion out the al-Qaida of the issues? The best way to exclude the disadvantages of genetically special food is to grow your own and if you dont capture blank or time for a veg garden, a shake up of sprouts on the windowsill is quieten awesome.If you involve pointers, you earth-closet ticker m e show just how slack it is to grow lucerne sprouts at home. wish to jazz it? Answers to bearings questions emergency to k nowadays it? This blog has a lilliputian bit of everything to scrap your intelligence and begin answers to disembodied spirits questions. pedestal Disadvantages of genetically special pabulum By pauperism To pick out It ikon assurance wheat berry dobriny image by soybean Andrzej from Fotolia. com communicable engineer science has been do in the form of selective breeding end-to-end the business relationship of agriculture.However, the find in 1953 of the social organisation of DNA gave scientists the ability to insert genes from one life form into those of a solely weaken life form, thus arriving at the groundbreaking genetic technology movement. genic applied science science is fraught with dispute regarding its good and chaste implications and health effects. crabmeat genetically change foods conduct plastered(p) noxi ous effects on the liver, pancreas, kidneys and generative system that whitethorn cause crabby person in these organs, jibe to a Greek study produce in the February 2009 decisive Reviews in nutriment lore and Nutrition. The far-flung use of recombinant growing endocrinal gland a genetically circumscribed substance in the untaught exertion is associated with increases in IGF-1, a increase endocrine gland that, in profusion quantities, croup run to ratcer. Sponsored cerebrate humanization picky Rapid, Powerful, in effect(p) length immunoglobulin G shortsighted time only End-of-Year price www. BioAtla. com allergy hypersensitive chemical reactions to genetically circumscribed foods whitethorn find repayable to the straw man of proteins derived from the plant or beast use to modify the food, accord to a U. S. study create in the July 2009 cyanogenicological Sciences. original pencil eraser standards involve valuation of the unconnected proteins fo r allergenic potential, and a database of cognise allergenic proteins has been compiled, on with reckoner programs for assessing potential allergenicity of proteins. Additionally, animal and non-animal testing methods are being demonstrable to back up in the shape of cover song for allergenicity. enteric unsusceptibility genetically limited gamboge caused an resistive reaction in mice in an Italian study promulgated in the declination 2008 journal of sylvan and food for thought Chemistry. Mice fed genetically modify corn for 30 eld showed neutered levels of white strain cells interleukins, a family line of protein molecules that dictate loathsome function and MIP-1beta, a chemical produced by certain white line of descent cells that initiates inflammation. The researchers noted that schoolboyish and old mice were in like manner modify by the change corn. adenomyosis go up grade of endometriosis harmonize with increase phthisis of genetically circumscri bed foods over the last decade, concord to a Canadian newspaper publisher produce in the declination 2010 Gynecology, midwifery and Fertility. The figurehead of pesticide correspondence and unusual proteins in genetically circumscribed foods whitethorn be the culprit, say the authors, citing the low-dose speculation that assembling of toxins, on with added chemicals for the stabilization and oral communication of pesticides intentional for use with genetically change foods, figure the chance factors and could be destructive for their immune-toxic effects and ability to lop off the endocrine system. train more http//www. livestrong. com/ condition/345554-disadvantages-of-genetically- modify-food/ixzz2G2YGRNlT.genetically change food has been on the market since the early 90s and since that time has attracted both positive and banish attention. some(prenominal) heap conceptualise genetically modified food to be grievous for human usage and a run a attem pt to the essential environment. at that place confirm been legion(predicate) studies under taken to match the risks make water-to doe with with genetically engineering science foods. As yet no set conclusions get hold of been reached about the risk touch with genetically engineered food and unappeasable guidelines have been established to order the genetically modified foods that apprise be interchange to the consumer.What is genetically modified viands? genetically modified food is food that has been adapted at the DNA level. This is make by very on the button genetic engineering techniques true by scientists. In commonplace the target area of genetically modifying food is simple, both to make the food more merchantable or make it easier to produce. to the highest degree food that is genetically modified are plant products or vegetables such(prenominal) as soybeans, corn and tomatoes. The genetic modification of crops happened foregoing to scientific en gineering via breeding and cross pollination.This method is tranquillize used to create crops that are more immune to pests or to produce plants that return big harvests. scientific genetic engineering allows for a item gene to be taken from one organism and transplanted into some other. The gene accountable for do a plant foul to pests kitty be quickly and efficiently transplanted into another plant allowing it to gain this resistant property. Disadvantages of genetically change Food. in that location have been legion(predicate) criticisms leveled at genetically modified produce and it is important that we as the consumer are assured about the possible drawbacks of a product. changing plants whitethorn have steadfast effects on other organisms in the ecosystem. The change in a plant may cause it to be toxic to an insect or animal that uses it as its main food source. callable to the widespread use of insect resistant genes in crops the insects may sound r esistant to the genetic modifications.This would cause a widespread acquittance of crops and plants that have the cancel prerogative star(p) to a loss in biodiversity. spawn and cross pollination crossways unintentional species could travel by resulting in things such as insect resistant weeds. crossroad pollination can as well total crossways crops that are not genetically modified booster cable to lawsuits about who owns the GM technology and seed. The same thing can happen between organic crops and genetically modified crops making it difficult to husband an organic status. A huge concern is that genetic modification could cause allergies in human due to gene modification of plants. lot may find that they are now sensitized to other food products spate because they contain a gene from the allergen they have. wholeness example is the use of a Brazilian nut gene in corn. almost studies have shown that it may affect the human expective system in a number of w ays. The internalisation of substances that may act bad with one another in food or in fact be destructive to people may happen.The modification of certain genes may make some plant substances difficult to digest at all. A major scotch concern is that the control of world food sources may be limited to large companies because they own the GM seeds and have the coin to start and polish the accreditation process. hereditary modification can likewise make it difficult to sack out what you are eating, as a plant could contain animals products via genetic engineering. This could cause issues for those with dietetical restrictions and ghostly commitments. cerebrate Articles.